Senin, 30 Maret 2009

Contemplate the Future of Community Coffee in Sibolangit

Approximately at 12:30 WIB, a cafe on the fringe of the main road Village Kuala Sibolangit, Deliserdang-about 40 km from Medan, not less than 10 elementary school students appear mengerubungi the middle of a woman while sitting mengoret-oret shabby on paper. Body sling bag their worn-out, while holding their hands some reading books.
They would not drink coffee, eat, play chess or habits such as Karo community. They are enthusiastic about finding and borrowing books, good textbooks, literature, the story of legends, and other books.
Yes, this place is a library that is managed directly by the people. Library made in the cafe is called tambar (in Karo language means "medicine").

Every day, at least 5-10 books that students borrowed each day. Other parents in the village, they would fight if there are books about the ceremony to plant cacao fruit, chili, and legends of the people.
"I most often borrow books on prescription food. So if home from work the rice fields and houses have been completed, I can also be tested, "said Barus Nuriati br (42) to SH when borrowing books in the Satellite Box Tambar (SKT) I Kuala Village. Nuriati also often borrow some textbooks for 3 children who are now middle education in primary and junior secondary school.
For Nuriati, the existence tambar very helpful insights and resources to see their families. For the procurement of textbooks that children in school, tambar become one of the object of their hope that a day-to-day life is put on the brown garden harvest.
Just imagine, Nuriati words, each time increasing the class, semester or Wulan chess lessons, she and her husband have to provide cash of Rp 750,000 to buy books for their children. That is very burdensome.
It is not surprising not all books can be provided by Nuriati, but the book needs a priority for very young children. Hence, tambar become one of the solutions on the problems pengadaaan books their children.
Currently, each week there are at least 50 books that are borrowed from tambar. Borrowers are usually quite loyal to restore the books that they borrow.
During the 2 years tambar is established, the library has been collect around 103 books in February 2003 until then. Dikoleksi book also varied, ranging from magazines, newspapers, books folklore, agriculture, school tuition, food recipe, environmental, social, political, cultural, to philosophy.
"The books are all coming from Indonesia and BITRA Foundation Ekowisata Sumatera (YES)," said Hill Murniati br (42), women Java bersuamikan Jacob SKT Ginting that I manage in the Village Kuala Sibolangit.
Although the books for the tambar is growing every year, still feel very Murniati shortages. At least, concerning the availability of books on the various options.
"Book learning school children only have 49 free titles. Who borrowed while quite a lot. So if forced to borrow would be queued, "said Murniati again.
Lack of availability of books that can dimaklumi. Borrowers not only the book actually came from the Village Kuala course, even people who have come Pancur Batu, about 20 km from the village of Kuala-borrow books to SKT I.
This is allowed because the borrower usually lived in Kuala Village, then moved to another place and came to Kuala more to borrow books. Condition is faith. Most borrowed books a month old. After that, the book should be returned.
"Up to now only lost 5 books. Some books are missing is the book suitable planting cocoa, chili, people's legends and traditional perobatan. Borrowers who take books that have attempted it, but they have not found the same types of books like that have been removed, "said Murniati.
Tambar similar established in other 4 villages, namely Bengkurung Village, Village Sayum Gugum, New Market Village, and Village Sayum Sabah. Sabah is a village Sayum Satellite Center Box Tambar (PSKT). PSKT is managed directly by BITRA Indonesia, an NGO engaged in agriculture, small economy, and community empowerment.
According to Ir Soekirman, one of the founder of a BITRA also penggagas tambar this, the idea started when they will form groups binaan in each village, which will then be built into groups of readers. And to implement them, they work with other NGOs, the Foundation Ekowisata Sumatra (YES).
Results from both research institutions, public house or cafe is the location most appropriate to establish tambar it. Karo Kebiasaaan people always gather in the cafe, both at the time, while also waiting for public transport.
Tambar considered effective when used village founded in the cafe-cafe that. Hopes, tambar can be a medicine for the "favorite" on the village needs to read that during the time they get difficult.
This program is also supported by a large company located in Jakarta. They donate books in the rather large amount.
"Currently there are around 3,250 titles. In addition to the private sector, this book procurement program also assisted several universities and 4 consulate in Medan, "said Soekirman.
In addition, a soft drink industry is also providing funding of Rp 150,000 per month for each manager tambar during the year. For the distribution of books, usually books that have been read by many people in one of the tambar, will be distributed to other tambar.
According Soekirman again, this program actually prove that the villagers need is books. The unavailability of books and price books that are not affordable to people of Indonesia have made against foreign books.
"For a smart and powerless, many people have read the book, but the dream is still there in the decades ahead, where the community as a whole can get the books easy and inexpensive. Just imagine, in North Sumatra, there are only a few libraries that clearly can not meet the needs of the people who actually read akan rindu reading, "said Soekirman again.
Another case with the Executive Director of YES Hamonangan Siringo-Ringo. Departure from the high intention read the villagers, even the institution is now a program of the libraries in the areas of industry in Singapore. Still hopes to open the horizon with the community to read the book.
"And we have the survey location. Hopefully in the near future can be realized, "said the man who called familiar with this Monang.
Book so valuable so. May be valuable because, ultimately it is so. Pemerintahpun is enthusiastic about creating a book that is foreign to the people who want a smart and forward.
Perhaps this is one of the alternatives to string dream prosperous prosperous society. When the library stand in the middle of the concrete forest in the middle of the city so far to dijamah.
Tambar and stall-cafe so pengobatnya. Yes, the medicine of the future Indonesia string better.
(SH / darma Lubis)

This is quoted from: http://www.sinarharapan.co.id

Tan Malaka: Founder of the Republic of the Nation, Revolution, Independence 100%


34 interesting article about Tan Malaka

Tempo magazine in a special edition of the Independence of the profile Tan Malaka: Bapak Republic of the forgotten. No half-hearted Tan Malaka edition consists of 26artikel written by journalists and Tempo 8 column / opinion written by observers / experts from Asvi Warman Adam to Ignas Kleden.

Some important passages concerning Tan Malaka, so too presumptuous if we ignore the special edition this time, Tan Malaka ignore .....


"He was writing Naar de Republiek Indonesia (Towards the Republic of Indonesia) in 1925, far earlier than Mohammad Hatta, who writes Vrije Indonesia (Indonesia Merdeka) as pleidoi in front of the Dutch court in The Hague (1928), and Bung Karno, who write Go indonesia Freedom (1933). "

"Books Naar de Republiek and Massa Actie (1926) written from the ground that has runaway Conference figures movement in Indonesia. Figure Sayuti Melik radical youth, for example, how the Bung Karno and Ir Anwari bring scratch and scratch-it's important Massa Actie. "

"For Yamin-who later joined the group in the Tan-Tan Struggle not ubahnya Mr. nation the United States, Thomas Jefferson and George Washington: Republic of design achieved before independence"

"WR Supratman already read all the books that Massa Actie," said Hadidjojo. Muhammad Yaminlah forcing Sugondo to give time for Supratman ciptaannya play the songs there. Then bergemalah lagu Indonesia Raya, which inspired the song from the end Massa Actie: "Protect the flag with bangkaimu, nyawamu, and tulangmu. That is the place where it is due to you, the son of a land where blood spill Indonesia"

"He lives in a runaway in 11 countries. He has 23 false name. He was on the secret police the Netherlands, Japan, England and the United States. "

"While the loss of Tan Malaka sewindu on 19 February 1957, the Forces Staff Major General Abdul Haris Nasution said Tan mind in Congress and the Struggle in the book Gerpolek (Gerilya Political Economy) enrich the idea of people's war. The people of this war, according to Nasution, successful when the people against the aggression twice Netherlands. Irrespective of political views, he said, Tan must be noted as a prominent military science. "

".... If I no longer powerless, then I will submit to the leaders of a revolution that has been advanced in the revolutionary movement, Tan Malaka. (testamen Soekarno) "

"At about the Proclamation, Tan menorehkan an important role. He moves to the youth meeting in the giant Ikada Field (now the Monas), 19 September 1945. This is the meeting shows that the mass support of the first proclamation of independence that was not loud and resounding "still a note on paper." Tan write action is "testing the strength to separate friends and opponents." After this meeting, the more resistance to Japan and the incentive. "

Chairman of the Communist Party of Indonesia, D.N. Aidit, sources said the failure of the rebellion in 1926, among others, less preparation and less coordination. "But, besides, there are people like Tan Malaka, who do nothing, just blame the opposition erupt," said Aidit. He also mentions as a Trotskyite Tan, pursuivant Leon Trotsky (Stalin political opponents), "the breaker gap."

"Musso swear Tan hang because internal party dissension."

"Congress gave the crowd cheers at the Tan Malaka, seems to have ovasi on it," wrote Gerard Vanter for daily De Tribune. "That is a compliment to our colleagues in the Indies who must struggle to make weight against barbaric action." (Komintern Congress to 4)

Tan Malaka is Che Guevara Asia - Harry Poeze (author persistent Biography Tan Malaka) Hopefully helpful Source: http://ruangasadirumahkata.blogspot.com. Written by; Andreas Iswinarto Please access the link to all 34 articles are below: IN THE DIA advanced Revolution: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127927.id.html
Road Sunyi Guest's Bayah: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127930.id.html
Ahli Waris chaotic Obor Revolution: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127931.id.html
Si Mata Nyalang in Central Societeit: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127932.id.html
Two guerrilla Sekawan: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127936.id.html
Both the clerk Exercise: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127939.id.html
Script from Rawajati: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127940.id.html
Bolsyewik the Terbuang: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127945.id.html
Blower flute for Children Kuli: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127949.id.html
Meet the Old Bolsyewik: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127951.id.html
Support for Pan-Islamisme: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127954.id.html
Guerrilla Sun Man in the Land: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127956.id.html
Penggagas Start the Republic of Indonesia: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127957.id.html
No Le Toqueis, Java!: Http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127958.id.html
Spill blood in a Book: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127959.id.html
Macan's Valley Suliki: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127961.id.html
Ideals of the Revolution Land Haarlem: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127962.id.html
Always Sobatmu, said: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127963.id.html
Trio Minang Road branch: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127964.id.html
Women at Heart Macan: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127968.id.html
After the Dead Interview: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127969.id.html
Last port of Men and books: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127971.id.html
Mayor Psikopat mystery: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127972.id.html
Tempo column. Tan Malaka, Since It's August. Note Pinggir Goenawan Mohamad: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/CTP/ Tan Malaka: A Marxis
nationalism. Ignas Kleden - sociologist, Chairman of the Indonesian Community for Democracy: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127934.id.html
Tan Vs 1926-1927 rebellion. Zed-Mestika historian University of Padang: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127955.id.html
Dream in the Republic of Tan Malaka. Hasan A. Nasbi Program Manager Indonesian Research and Development Institute, author book Philosophy According to Tan Malaka Country (LPPM Tan Malaka, 2004): http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127960.id.html
Rebels from the Minangkabau Alam Permai. Zulhasril Nasir - Guru Besar UI Communication and book author Tan Malaka and the Left Movement Minangkabau (Ombak, 2007): http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127965.d.html
Madilog: A Synthesis foreign. Rizal Adhitya Hidayat - Working at the University of Indonusa Esa Unggul: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127967.id.html
( Not a) A person in the Main Flow Revolution. Bonnie Triyana - historian-cum-journalist: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127970.id.html
Tan Malaka heritage. Warman Adam Asvi historian-Indonesia Institute of Science: http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2008/08/11/LU/mbm.20080811.LU127973.id.html
Please click to WORK / BOOK-BOOK ONLINE Tan Malaka

About Tuanku Rao

"Football Salapan Nan lunge tiger is also known in the Region South Tapanuli. Tapsel Society at that time the majority still follow Pagan (a kind of animism), successfully diislamkan by the title Pongkinangolngolan Sinambela Tuanku Rao, Hamonangan Harahap Tuanku title Tambusai, Mansur Marpaung Asahan Tuanku title, Tuanku title Jatenggar Siregar Ali Sakti and a number of other young people who study Islamic religion and the tactics of war with Tuangku Nan Renceh in Kamang, Luhak Agam, Minangkabau. "

Referred to as tiger Nan Salapan because the number of eight members, namely: Tuangku Nan Renceh, Tuangku Kubu Sanang, Tuangku field Laweh, Tuangku the lua, Tuangku Galuang, Tuangku Koto Ambalau, Tuangku Pamansingan and Tuangku Poor Hajj.

According to DP Asral, an observer history Bukittinggi Minangkabau origin, degree tuangku their clothing not only because they acknowledge and understand and practice the teachings of Islam with the good. But more because they dare berjauang led troops attacked the colonists. This means they elite, or just called scholars that time.

Parlindungan Onggang words in the book Tuangku Rao, Nan Salapan tiger, also known as Darul Islam Presedium State Minangkabau on time. Tuangku Nan Renceh their sight as the Chairman of Presedium. Ideals Nan Renceh very large. He wanted to liberate ox Land (Indonesia) from the darkness of Islam and cengkraman colonists.

As a first step, Group Eight is a black blanket of Minangkabau roof. Minang society at that time that the habit terlena reveler, enjoying life with the gambling crowd sabung and chicken, to be the main target to be cleaned.

Historical record, this does not cleaning business is turn a hand. For people who like to enjoy the customary worldly, feel kesenangannya terusik. Therefore, they also make a resistance movement against the white-led Nan Renceh. Thanks to the firmness and maturity of the plan is also white, eventually Ranah Minang can also be the parson.

Next, relax the struggle Nan Salapan produce peace between the indigenous and folk religion in Minangkabau in the year 1834. Peace is also known as Bukit Marapalam of the ABS-term bear sbk (Traditional Basandi Syarak - Syarak Basandi Kitabbullah).

Tuangku Nan Renceh does not present itself in the peace effort because he was killed in the battle against the Netherlands in Bukittinggi, 1826.

Football Nan Salapan lunge tiger is also known in the South Regional Tapanuli. Tapsel the community at that time the majority still follow Pagan (a kind of animism), successfully diislamkan by the title Pongkinangolngolan Sinambela Tuanku Rao, Hamonangan Harahap Tuanku title Tambusai, Mansur Marpaung Tuanku title Asahan, Jatenggar Siregar Ali Sakti Tuanku title and a number of other young people who study religion Islam and the tactics of war with Tuangku Nan Renceh in Kamang, Luhak Agam, Minangkabau.

If be, what the Tuangku Nan Renceh during perjuangannya, as history also notes, surely can not be released from the existence of the Trio returned from the Hajj in Mecca late 18 th century. They are Piobang Hajj, Hajj and Hajj Sumanik Poor. Third person has an expertise in their respective embed understand wahabi in Ranah Minang.

Some of the notes, Piobang is a graduate of Al-Azhar University that had become the army of Egypt and then joined the Turkish army against Napoleon. Last Piobang have an important position colonel. Hajj Sumanik berpanglat mayor, he Piobang friends in Al-Azhar is also the army against Napoleon. While the Hajj is a poor one on this long mengambara Islam in Arab peninsula.

Trio Hajj since this is the kepualngan to their home, assisting in the fight Renceh Nan uphold Islam in Syariat Ranah Minang. They also build a force of war, lay the foundation and the struggle against the colonizers.

Padri formation of the Hajj Piobang, rather plebeian army. But is structured to tidy village (nagari-nagari). Nagari is the head of the army commander in the rural areas.

Some litelatur noted, in upholding Islam in Minangkabau Syariat that time, each local authority Tuangku in implementing the system see the foundation stone (a stone when the last board to be increased up to the house).

What if in the examination in the morning the stone is not wet by water wuduk dawn prayer, then the person is in the top of the house is considered not Islamic. Execution is run in place. Punishment varies, ranging from stroke to train law.

Land area for Luhak data, the specificity is known Taungku Lintau (or also called Tuangku Alim Tahu). He is famous for parajuritnya a very active foundation stone check each morning in each house of the population. Tramp horse foot soldiers in this very fear Him by the offender Syariat religion.

But, all this is the story of the past. Now only memories. Problem or not to wet the stone foundation on the house of the morning prayer, no longer to be reviewed and mengingatkannya, keculai themselves each.
* A.S. Patimarajo

Other sources: Mangaradja Onggang Parlindungan Siregar, "Pongkinangolngolan Sinambela degree Tuanku Rao, Terror Islam sect in Tanah Batak Hambali", Publisher Tanjung expectations, Jakarta, 1964.

Pongkinagolngolan born of the family dynasty King SM. Due to family conflict and animism ganasnya life at that time, making them victims, stranded as an orphan and a floater in the various regions.

Mother's Pongkinangolngolan is Gana Sinambela, daughter of Singamangaraja IX, while his father is the younger brother Prince Gindoporang Sinambela from Singamangaraja IX. Gindoporang and Singamangaraja IX is the son-son Singamangaraja VIII. Thus, the child is Pongkinangolngolan dark relationship between the daughter Gana Sinambela uncle, Prince Gindoporang Sinambela.

Gana Sinambela's own sister is Singamangaraja X. Although as a child born outside of marriage, very Singamangaraja X keponakannya love and spoil. To name the genus, it is not possible given Sinambela clan, because his mother bermarga Sinambela. But the clan is very important to the Batak people, so that X Singamangaraja find a solution to this problem. X Singamangaraja younger brother has another woman, Sere Sinambela daughter, who married Jongga Simorangkir, a district chief. In a traditional ceremony, the pro forma Pongkinangolngolan "sold" to the Jongga Simorangkir, and Pongkinangolngolan now bermarga Simorangkir.

However, birth outside of marriage is known by 3 people Datu (spiritual leaders) led by Datu Amantagor Manurung. They predict that some day Pongkinangolngolan akan kill uncle, Singamangaraja X. Therefore, Pongkinangolngolan must be killed.

Appropriate law, X Singamangaraja forced death sentence on the nephew disayanginya. However, he decided, that Pongkinangolngolan not dipancung his head, but will be drowned in Lake Toba. He tied on a wooden body and burdened with the stones that sink.

At the edge of Lake Toba, Singamangaraja X ostensibly to review the past, but with the Elephant densely packed heirloom keris he loosen ropes that bind Pongkinangolngolan, while put in a leather pouch containing the currency back to the silver dress Pongkinangolngola. This act is not known by the Datu, because other than a closed body, the body also closed that Putri Gana Sinambela embrace and mourn son kesayangannya.

Pongkonangolngolan body that is tied to the raft timber brought to the Lake and then to dispose of the water. After the successful release stones from the body, with a hold on the wood Pongkinangolngolan achieved Asahan river, where the then near Narumonda, he fed by a fisherman, Lintong Marpaung.
After many years in the area Angkola and Sipirok, Pongkinangolngolan decided to go to the Minangkabau, always worry because one day be recognized as people who have the death penalty dijatuhi by Raja Batak.

Source: http://bakkara.blogspot.com

Book Review Tuanku RAO

Book Review Tuanku RAO: "IN THE LAND BATAK tempest"
Book Title: Pongkinangolngolan degree Sinambela Tuanku Rao. Religion Islamic terror sect Hambali in Tanah Batak.
Author: Mangaradja Onggang Parlindungan
Editor: Ahmad Fikri A.F.
Publisher: LKiS, Jogjakarta
Printed I, June 2007
Content: iv + 691 pages Hardcover
Price: Rp 135,000

"There are no facts, there is only a commentary," Nietzsche once said regarding the issue of truth and knowledge. Katakata seems to apply also to the history, the history of closely related with the serpihan-serpihan truth and knowledge, which meant that need to be styled and ditafsir again. Therefore, history is also a commentary, a commentary and not the absolute truth segumpal. He is a new effort to approach the truth.
Book Tuanku Rao paper M.O. Parlindungan this is one of the efforts to excavate and interpret serpihan back-serpihan past experience that, especially related to the War chaplain. Through this book, the author invites us to revisit the past Tanah Batak with a palpable attempt to understand the processes that occur behind the terror of the spread of Islam sect Hambali in Batak Land in 1816-1833.

Unlike the other historians, the author chose to write history with the Batak bertutur style (story telling style), which was originally aimed at children. Indeed, in the location where the attractiveness of this book. He appears original because its focus is placed on the practice of the creation of Batak history itself rather than make historical events of the narrative historian conventional practices such as this.
According to the author, at least, there are two reasons why the stampede to the Land of Batak was with violence. In addition to spreading Islam sect Hambali in the Batak, the raid also triggered by revenge against the descendants of Raja Siregar clan Oloan Sorba Dibanua, Singamangaraja dynasty, which had mengusirnya from Batak Land. Togar Natigor Siregar, Siregar clan leader, was to swear that the whole clan followed Siregar, akan Bataks back to the King to kill Oloan Sorba Dibanua and all his descendants.
Hambali Islamic sects into Mandailing called local residents as Silom Bonjol (Bonjol Islam) because they come from penyerbunya Bonjol, although led by the Batak themselves, such as Pongkinangolngolan Sinambela (Tuanku Rao), Idris Nasution (Tuanku Nelo), and Jatengger Siregar (Tuanku Ali Sakti). In the genealogy in this book is attached, Pongkinangolngolan is mentioned that the children of the relationship between dark Gana Sinambela (daughter Singamangaraja IX) with the uncle, Prince Gindoporang Sinambela (brother Singamangaraja IX). Gindoporang and Singamangaraja IX is the son of Singamangaraja VIII, while Gana Sinambela sister is Singamangaraja X. Although as a child born outside marriage, Singamangaraja X is love and spoil keponakannya (hlm. 355).
However, birth outside of marriage is known by three people Datu (spiritual leaders), which led Datu Amantagor Manurung. Appropriate law, Singamangaraja X is forced to impose the death penalty nephew who disayanginya with menenggelamkandi Lake Toba. But, not drown, Pongkinangolngolan terselamatkan flow to reach Asahan River and fed a fisherman named Lintong Marpaung. After many years in the area Angkola and Sipirok, Pongkinangolngolan Minangkabau decided to go for fear of being identified as the person who has the death penalty dijatuhi by Raja Batak.
In Minangkabau, in 1804, by Pongkinangolngolan diislamkan Tuanku Nan Renceh, and sent to Makkah and Syria and the opportunity to follow education in the military trooper Janitsar Turkey. Upon return, in 1815, was promoted to officer Pongkinangolngolan army chaplain and get a degree Tuanku Rao.
Tuanku Nan Renceh apparently run political divide et impera, such as the Netherlands, is using to attack the Batak Batak Land. Tanah Batak invasion to start on 1 Ramadan 1231 H (1816 M) of the fortress that kept Muarasipongi Marga Lubis. Muarasipongi successful and the whole population diluluhlantakkan be leaving without one. Severity and this is done deliberately disseminated to sow terror and fear in order to make it easier to defeat the spread of Islam sect Hambali.
After that, the invasion of Singamangaraja X Benteng Bakkara implemented in 1819. People Siregar Salak's Jatengger Siregar Sipirok led troops involved in the offense to meet the oath Natigor Togar Siregar and revenge to the descendants of King Oloan Sorba Dibanua, namely Singamangaraja X. Jatengger Siregar Singamangaraja challenging to do a duel fighting. Singamangaraja lose the sword and cut his head Jatengger Siregar. Already fulfilled revenge stored for 26 generations.
Invasion army chaplain stopped at 1820, because berjangkitnya disease epidemic cholera and pestilence. From 150,000 people who enter the army chaplain at the Tanah Batak in 1818, only about 30.000orang. Some died in the biggest non-battle field, but died from various diseases. To save the remaining pasukannya, in the 1820 Tuanku Rao interesting means the entire back of Tanah Batak pasukannya North, so the plan pengislaman all Batak land can not be forwarded. Meanwhile, Tuanku Imam Bonjol ordered that Tuanku Rao pasukannya remain together in the Batak to block the entrance of the Netherlands. Finally, Tuanku Rao died in battle in the Air Bangis on 5 September 1821, died while Tuanku Lelo cut his head, while her body chopped by Halimah Rangkuti, one of the prisoners who made selirnya.
Finally, the book is divided into three major sections and contains 34 attachments clearly have this special place in the writing of history based on facts and representations historiografi as interpretations that are not absolute.
The author has shown the strength of the script written in reconstructing the history of Batak vision for the development of political, social, and cultural. Can not be denied, the main contribution of this book lies in the finding on other factors outside the domain of conventional historiografi. This is clearly an impact akan broad debate in Indonesia about historiografi. (*)

By: TASYRIQ HIFZHILLAH Peminat historical origin Probolinggo, spicy in the study of Exemption (LSP), Jogjakarta. Source: Posts from ALI AHMAD Afandi (DI JAWA POS, SUNDAY, 24 JUNE 2007)

State bankrupt because of the International Financial Institutions, the People Became Victims

The emergence of new trends that the world financial institutions such as IMF, World Bank, ADB, and international trade institutions such as WTO, AFTA etc.. Which is the extension of international capitalism hand, have tended to ridicule the monetary damage to the physical business (non-monetary), exploit developing countries, the economic fundamen and moneternya not strong, and some countries in Asia because of the monetary terpuruk they do.

One of the countries that bear the worst consequences of this game is Indonesia, which until now (have 3 more years) can not rise from keterpurukannya. Indonesia's economy was built by the New Order regime was only a building that pondasinya porous, so when terterpa storm the building collapsed and flat to the ground. Unlike the neighboring countries (Malaysia and Singapore) that since 2 years ago have started to rise again due to creep economic foundation that was built strong enough so that when the roof is only terterpa storms are flying and it takes a long time and a lot of energy to install a new roof . Indonesia must establish're building from zero again.

When the crisis are familiar with the countries sacrifice monetary game is the international financial institutions and trade institutions in the world start to enter the agenda-agenda to be obeyed by countries that are falling, even in the form of state policy even though, for example, are some of Bill digodok in RI House of Representatives and even have a product has been born into the law enforcement because the IMF, for example.

Longgena Ginting, an energizer environment and economic observer, said in bulettin Roots bahwan have 5 as a result of the presence of IMF and World Bank in Indonesia;

1. Economic destruction. IMF interpensi start business in Indonesia during the oil mengalamai bankruptcy in 1980. Some of the IMF package from year to year is a program for economic structure adjustment in the field of industry, commerce trade governance, forestry and mining, automotive and textiles. However, in the implementation of the matters referred to above do not even use the loan to build a golf course, tourist industry, luxury housing and heavy industries that are not associated with as many people IPTN. As a result, the treasury became so anjlok development IPTN must borrow funds reforestation of 3 million U.S. dollars, 1996.

2. The large amount of unemployment. Since the adjustment program dititipkan by the IMF package is implemented, more and more due to unemployment of PHK construction companies in large-scale development because berhentinya / physical projects. Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) estimates up to 1999 in the middle there are 39 million victims of PHK. For the avoidance of the shock of the World Bank and Bappenas organizing program Social Safety Net (JPS).

3. The high taxes that the people should be paid. Bankruptcy due to economic and tax-burdened people quote-quote restribusi from all sides of life to cover the debt and operational state.

4. Education only for the middle class. Program structure improvement this trying economic improvement of public education, the government through the Ministry of National Education to provide lot-lot on foreign capital to manage education, so that future students is a course must pay 5 million year.

5. The adilan. IMF akan perusaan-organize the company to issue millions of U.S. dollars that can menalangi even petinggi Indonesia alan with a collateral resources, remove the subsidy of health, education and trust for foreign capital investment in the world perbankkan, mass media and culture. Deletion of the subsidy is now done in stages, starting, as is done in the fuel oil (BBM) and Electricity.

Patuhnya countries because of the condition of the victim state that the cash is so that the operational costs of state enforcement activities must menghutang back on the international financial institutions, and the money that can be said dipinjamnya also exploitation of the results (in various forms, including monetary game) state that meminjamnya back now. See us on the council pengemisan CGI in Tokyo, Japan.

Perhaps khabar economists, in the years 2001 to 2009 is the debt-maturity debt abroad Indonesia yangberjumlah approximately 150 Billion U.S. Dollars and must be paid immediately or direscedulling. When we are doing fierce-galaknya regional autonomy. Ahirnya akan happens is that the regions level II menggenjot akan PAD is as big pengutipan through taxes and restribusi area, so any way whether it halal or haram (things that are destruktif for environmental, social and cultural) will be done by government districts & cities.

For business of course this will be very harmful because the financial institutions / actors capitalist through the hands of financial institutions and institutions internasioanal world trade to buy stock with the action of systematic pressure, and is constitutional (just follow the action the purchase of shares of PT. Bentoel 75% by Soros) with jargon economic globalization and the trade in the free market, so there is no more limits State (country). This is certainly also akan berimbas and disadvantages of small and of course.

Asian business empire that ownership sahamnya owned by the Asian race (skin color) will need extra care as the company that sexsi (good future prospects) will Dilirik dipelintir and so can sahamnya owned by the international capitalism.


Bankruptcy & Autonomy

That game with a very complex and confusing, and the figures in international financial institutions successfully make random financial and economy with a variety of ways and institutions Mafia international network of neat, and they use the organization / international financial institutions as a legal tool in the game for them to menghacurkan target countries such as what happens to the countries Southeast Asia, but other countries have appeared from his resurrection keterpurukan are followed by Indonesia with the complexity of multiple crises it appeared a tendency towards the threat of bankruptcy, because the debt as much as possible is created by the New Order government (which fundamental economic fact is very flimsy) must dutanggung by the next government, which in the year 2001 - 2009 (as expressed above) is a time-period-maturity debt, its foreign debt. From which we will pay it? Become a big question for all of us.

Autonomy akan akan but Pamungkas a weapon or tool that is very good for the government's berkilah errors and inability to complete the vicious circle is distraught.

Penggenjotan PAD is a form of manifestation which is very effective for this case, khabarnya some areas in East Java have been increase land tax and building 5 to 7 times and each regional district and city have made a lot of regulation to translate Law. 22 & 25 1999 on regional autonomy. Akan-regulation, but regulation is part of regulation is to menggenjot PAD with pengutipan form of taxes and restribusi area as big.

To prove the above assumption is true let's see the Perda-regulation of the Government made some districts and cities in the North Sumatra. Legislative Deli Serdang is engesyahkan 45 regulation submitted by the Pemkab Deli Serdang, Regulation 45 of the 27 are already disyahkan regulation is set on how to tax and must be cited restribusi area. On Pemkab. Langkat regulation 59 of the 19 have already disyahkan on tax and regulation restribusi.

People (the Good Heart Loser)

Is indeed ironic that the debt of the implementation of its use to build the country and the people there leakage occurs here with a system (not written in a sheet state, only with the agreement I do the same), which runs the latter named KKN (collusion, corruption & nepotism) should be paid by the people who dicekek his neck to remove the tax and restribusi-restribusi of the many facets of life for native daearah income (PAD), as examples of areas that have already designed the reception restribusi from incineration (burning corpse for Buddhist and Hindu community) and will appear akan Regulation -regulation of exotic and intellect can not be accepted that it must be restribusi or tax, this is done only because mengenjot for PAD as big.

Regional akan build their own area of concentration while Jakarta collect money from the oil mining sector (85% and 15% central area), natural gas (70% and 30% central area), plantation, etc.. Local income taken by the center to pay the foreign debt and the operational state. This is another form of pay that rakyatlah that even countries which are relatively very few people use or accept in the manfatnya ago, when the debt is created.

On the other hand we see some debt that large companies are now named in nongkrong as IBRA and obligornya, there is at least 144.5 trillion rupiah by the dikucurkan for BLBI Penyehatan banking khabarnya perhaps this is done for foreign ownership menghempang (so that large companies and prospective property in land is not occupied by foreign companies).

As well as state-owned PLN on the one thing we as people have to pay proportionally even tend to consume relatively expensive energy produced by PLN in the form of electricity, but because of KKN and management that are not good losers PLN therein, so that PLN 133.5 owe billion U.S. Dollars (equivalent to 1,170 trillion rupiah, worth 4 times the national budget) return of the people through tax-and restribusi the various countries must be free of losses and debt menangung it. The others also do not want to participate in less suck people through a variety of ways. We see for example, through Pertamina monopolinya in the sale of oil and gas (elpiji), the most ahir with our gas price increase is the percentage of a very large because only the error and dilapidation in the management of Pertamina itself. More and more people must, in this case as a consumer, who must bear the deritanya.

Indonesia is the threat of bankruptcy is not well direspon Oleg Gusdur government said that the government transition to the era of the reformis, democratic and move on perwujutan civil society. The political elite is not busy thinking about the problems of this nation with the added problem of disintegration and multi akan crisis, but they are busy sikut each other and each other for reasons memperebutkan throne and political power.

This is frustrating to see konsisi may make a social revolution Sahrir recommend to whiten / remove all the debt of our country / international financial institutions and our debt and start living a new economy from zero again.

Indeed, if the political elite and leaders of the nation does not take action as soon as possible akan aggressive multi-dimensional problems of the crisis that we face is not possible, this is not recommended sahrir what will happen. Because it was at this time we see symptoms of social protest that have occurred in the community. Have started the decline of solidarity of nationalism, as evidenced with the community perdulian akan whatever happens and progress in this country. Decreasing sense of resolve concerns about inter-regional and SARA going. The lack of help and assistance to the victims of the natural disaster.

Then apatisme this has increased the symptoms of social protest with signs of small, does not heed a red light again, dijalanan. Does not care and do not want to pay taxes-taxes that are charged with a welded kaprah, this time of reform - in addition to the revenue agencies are also not conducive to facilitate applicants who are NPWP dimintai bribe money is reaching hundreds of thousands of rupiah - and many other examples of small small-that have been the first step of social protest occurs.

Iswan Kaputra, Social Worker at BITRA Indonesia, Medan and Chairman of the Forum Community of origin Labuhan Batu (FORMAL)

People's Interest as a Business Wrap-up

"If you say something difficult to someone then ungkapkanlah with interest as the expression. Rose red is a sign of love for the current surge. "Classic phrase we always hear this.

To go to a metropolitan city of Medan city are now rapidly developing, especially in case 2, ie, shopping centers and city parks are decorated lamp and various kinds of be-an-interest in almost all corners of the city. But we know from where the flowers come from?

If we pass from Medan to Lubuk Pakam around the border between the city Medan Deli Serdang regency on the distance of 14 KM from the center of Medan on the right the left the road we will see a row of trees flower seller along approximately 2 KM range of road. More more exciting when we go to the alley alley on the left side of the road, that is, the gang Darmo, Madirsan and Resources, located in the village of Sari Bangun, Tanjung Morawa district Deli Serdang district, North Sumatra. "Usually if mothers come here directly hysterical, after the mouth is always quarrel with her husband because they do not want to go home - because they do not want to leave this place - when they shop or just to see some interest" Edianto Sihite Words (33), which has started flower business since 10 March 1980 together with her parents by the name of the business Hotma's.

That the public interest against the interest as the symbol of beauty, love, to-elokan colors etc..

On 3 Gang is located approximately 400 families of the pitch of his life cultivating and selling trees flower, the number of workers with at least 4 people per household-the flower. Thousands of plant species and types of flowers can be purchased here, among other flowers Rose / Rose, Asoka, Ekorbia, Cemara, Cikloka, Palm, Tanjung, Akasia, Tripayung, Bamboo conditioning, Batavia, Molina, Tricolor, Bougainville, Beringin, Melati, fern, Sikas, Serut, Dll. With the price also varies, ranging from the price of silver up to a thousand for ten million. Held by the highest price Cemara Serut Shrimp and trees, which had already been (and was already established in accordance with the desired beauty) price reaches 10 million.

Not only people who came on foot to buy the flowers, the luxury-car line was along the path to select the most preferred flowers and didiamkan, even, according to Edi, flowers from here is also sent to Berastagi (known as the city's interest in the origin North Sumatra), the City of Medan, Dumai, Perapat Rantau, Kota Pinang, Pekan Baru, Jambi, Batam, Padang, Aceh, and exported to Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan and China. "Every day not less than 2 flower truck that came out of here, not to mention the people who take interest with the car pick up." Connect Edi.

"Round-money per day to reach hundreds of million rupiah." Mutually Wagiran, Secretary Bangun Sari Village. However, no data are owned by the village on the amount of detail how many ornamental plants that flower out of the village and the amount of money into the village each month. "Usually, the buyer or buyer contract manufacture garden come directly to the flowers, so that we can not record how much the average interest rate of exit and entry of the unit of money." Add Wagiran.

To local demand in North Sumatra large party is usually used for the hotel garden, plaza, luxury homes, government offices, private sector and the greatest in the last 2 years this is for the garden city Medan. The businessman interest here other than to provide various types of interest also has the design expertise of a small garden gained from training the government, most of autodidact learning or sharing experiences among the flowers. Flower cultivation in the village was started by someone who bermarga Sihombing in the 1980s.

"Year 90's I had 3 days of training can be of Agriculture Deli Serdang district with administrative & bookkeeping business, motivation, cultivation of technical interest include cloning, fertilization, pest continuation & handling, and marketing materials & how to determine the price." Words Anton Sihombing (40), who has been cultivating flowers menggeluti since 1990s with a capital of 25 million rupiah ditabungnya of staff working as a plantation in Pekan Baru, before he dive into the world of flowers.

"We look forward to the government so that if there is a tender for the execution of large projects garden-large can terdistribusi well. That is our interest that the small can is also a sizeable deal. Now we never get the bulk project, only expect from a buyer for the consumption of household decoration. "Anton hope all complain. "The project is helping us because if there is a garden project execution and execution cost of providing interest permeter reach Rp 150,000, -. Imagine if I can bulk of the city parks along the 1 km? "Add Anton.

Various methods used by the campaign, who have participated in exhibitions interest, both locally in North Sumatra and in the national level, some are already mempulikasikan through its website.

"But at 3 weeks of late consumers is rather quiet, probably because so many people who donated money to the Tsunami Disaster in Aceh, so while they do not terfikir to buy flowers. But about 2 more years if the people of Aceh definitely need to start flower garden to the house. "Add Edi gag while.

Edi brothers have 8 people, 6 people have completed the sarjananya at universities in various places in Indonesia, and 2 other sisters who are undergoing study. Bachelor's economy from one of the universities in Singapore is never wander to work as a staff Plantation in Bengkulu, but other than income reasons, he also feels bakatnya since junior high school sitting in the seat, in the cultivation of flowers. So that in life he returned to the flower garden of his family, even though he had opened a motorcycle showroom in the city of Medan, but he will be back in the flower business.

Obviously, here in the small business also showed kebiasaannya. Any other business-appear, that is, the business of making or fitting flower pot made of cement and made of the land (such gerabah). "There are more than 30 industries to the home flower pot that grows in the village of workers with at least 6 people each 1 home industry and some of them bring in experts from Central Java." Words Wagiran pack.

In addition to the home industry flowerpot also show more than 10 joint workshop of the steel pot rack unanimously established terraced levels to prepare a pot of flowers. Bengkel las also absorb labor in 2 to 4 people per-bengkelnya.

Who Produce Flower?

3 of the gang called, if we want to go much further in, still in the same village, there are approximately 80 families of farmers who can be called a producer flowers this.

"We do the main flowers that are sold by traders who have interest in the corridor Darmo, Madirsan, Resources and the existing traders in the street Medan - Tanjung Morawa." Udin Saragih Words (32), scholar jebolan economic Sisingamangaraja University (USI) XII, Medan.

Together with his wife, Udin manage the land in 1600 M disewanya worth Rp 200,000, - to develop a special pertahun rose (rose). On the ground to build this Udin 5 sungkup (plastic house - a house of glass - the size, width 2 length M 7 M 1.5 M and higher) that is able to accommodate 5000 polybek (such palstik berdiameter 5 cm soil contains humus that is ready to be planted stek stem roses).

With the failure rate 10%, within 2 weeks stem roses that have grown can be sold on the traders that the price varies depending on the type; Mawar Merah Medan and Rp 100/pohon White Rose, Baby Rose with a small flower rose Rp 175 / tree, the Red Rose Heart (original cultivation of Bogor) 225/pohon Rp, Rp Ivory Roses Yellow 350/pohon, Malaysia Roses (yellow color, the culture of Malaysia) Rp 500/pohon, Holand and Roses Roses Batik (colors, such as batik) 1000/pohon Rp.

Usually, the price rose higher than the original because budidayanya far because the level of difficulty mengurusnya. "If the rainy season, even many who do not grow roses, while the summer even if it grows and the level of failure is lower." Udin words.

Although the level of producer prices so low but do not wonder if we want to buy it in the street Medan - Tanjung Morawa price can rise 10-fold, and even roses Holand Batik costs could reach Rp 25,000, - up to 35,000, -. This is because the producers are very hidden, covered by oil palm plantation and a separate valley used by farmers to raise rice, up-to people around the city of Medan rarely know.

However, from 5 sungkup Udin have a rotation every 2 weeks it can generate Rp 5625000, - with a capital expenditure, outside of energy, approximately Rp 500,000, - which consists of; polybek wage of Rp 8, -/satuan, fertilizers, vitamins , fresher, and anti-pest.

Iswan Kaputra
Social workers in BITRA Indonesia, Medan & Chairman of the General Society Forum Labuhan Batu (FORMAL).

Traditional agriculture + polyculture Plans = ecological & economical

In the area of high land on the island of Sumatra in most of the farming community of plants with a very traditional way (ie farming pattern with sub-system or with the natural kindness). In Indonesia, both the island Sumatra, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Kalimantan and Papua, the agricultural crops of the previous generation bequeathed by the pattern has almost the same, namely sub-system.

Farming patterns usually use this way to plant the crops such as durian, duku, pecan, sugar palm (naturally, grow your own, dibiakkan by wild animals like civet cat), areca nut, banana, tamarind gelugur, mangosteen etc.. Among plants, many plants that are also already in the land as inherited by their fathers.

Special areas for Sibolangit, about 30 KM south of the city of Medan, to agricultural communities is also the same. Areas inhabited by the majority ethnic Batak Karo is the average family has 4 hectares of land, but land is not been the most, the only community garden or farm their durian season when the fruit or the other that they have the dikebun (already approaching the period seasonal fruit), if you like their new busy shrub rake in the garden so that when the durian fruit fall can be seen immediately and can be taken for sale, because if it does not look old and then taken akan rotten fruit.

Meanwhile, if there is no seasonal fruit and garden akan abandoned, farmers usually akan Professi switch for a while to become traders, angkot or taxi driver in the city of Medan or wander for a while the day laborer in other regions.


Wise Traditional, Ecological & Economical

The traditional farming pattern is indeed very friendly with the natural, sensible and supporting ecosystem, because the plants with the different types of farmers in the garden will keep the various animal remains alive because of the availability of the food chain for the flora and fauna that live there awake. Very different from the pattern of monoculture plantations!

However, if only for the discerning nature and the environment, how about the people who live nearby? Question is what triggers of Rural Skills (BITRA) Indonesia, Medan, to develop a garden with a pattern of poly people in 1997 ago. Poly this concept, where people keep kebiasaannya with traditional gardening, but will do so that intensification of land that can be productive and have high economic powerless against the land. On the other farmer is no longer a day laborer, or in other places because it can take a driver and a garden that requires daily activities kotinuitas high enough. In the concept of poly farmers to plant more of the recommended 4 types of plants in a garden paving. Besides, the other farmers in the vicinity should also be no planting of rice to meet the basic needs that do not depend on the availability of rice from other regions.

Now the farmers say, with this farm poly them feel more secure and work-ahead for the garden. Meaning that they are economically secure, as they almost every day now can reap the garden. Namely, sugar palm disadap niranya setian day, bananas and cocoa barangan every week there is a yellow fruit, acid & pinang gelugur each month is a good way down from the tree, start the rice yellow gold every 6 months, durian, mangosteen and duku harvest feast, each one a year .

Similarly when one of the price of agricultural production because of cheaper game the traders, farmers poly for this no problem, because the price of certain commodities, the other high.


Why polyculture Plans?

Sibolangit this area promises much hope for the community garden for the production also promises hope for people around to produce and get results for prosperity. And hill slope areas (valleys, sloping to rolling) with a height of 300 - 600 above sea level (dpl) provides a cool climate and good rainfall. Around the area than there are reserves also be passed by 2 river, rivers and river Farmers Betimus. From this situation invites people still preserve the natural land management with the poly. They also have organizations pelestari the river is named River Forum Community care (FMPS) that build the defense system and harvesting river ikannya collectively with the time period specified. In addition to maintaining FMPS also make rules and restrictions, restrictions on destructive fishing, such as using fish bombs, poison and electric (tuba), but fishing, and drag menjala still be justified, when there is a village or rural population that still violate the prohibition sanctions moral and social subject. They mengistilahkan river conservation and biotanya this term with Lubuk Larangan. They also work to clean the river (from non-organic waste) every 1 years.

In fact the above is a concept that is higher than poly, which is called a mix of farming or agriculture combine between crops, livestock, peikanan and ekowisata, but we dare not claim that agriculture is that we apply due to mix farming and livestock do not perikanannya the maximum, meaning that not all farmers have to apply livestock and fish in the garden, are only part of farmers. That we are therefore called poly.

Poly is a system of agriculture or agricultural model that economic, ecological, berbudaya, able to adapt and humane. This model of agriculture is also a model of sustainable agriculture. Poly model of agriculture is a correction of the total agricultural monoculture model.

Poly derived from the word poly means many and culture means the plant. Literally means poly model with many types of agricultural crops on the same land. Poly model of agriculture is not to gado-gado or overlapping is not a sari, sari overlapping model because only known semusim on agricultural crops. Poly model of agriculture based on the phases from year to year, the condition of ecosystems will be better. Plants developed and natural conditions will be more perfect and stable. In addition, when the plants are hard to reach the maximum age and not more productive, stem diameter is very large it will be profitable for farmers to sell and cut the wood of course is very high economic value.

Poly akan integrate various technologies diselaraskan with the cultivation of plants that have penology and aspects of the local and the sustainability of natural resources.


How to Start a polyculture Plans?

Farming community that is traditionally as we call it an above-certainly already have the land and plant origin. Once there is consensus among the early farmers in a large garden carpet, we must start with the mapping system garden Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). After the images obtained with different types of garden plants in the plant should be decided which of the large distance of meeting the growth ditebang must provide for regulation in order to enter the sun, where sunlight is needed by the new plants, or plants a lower fotosinthesis in the process. So if the plant would be developed is a cocoa and banana plants barangan (in order to maximize land use and results) then the poly is a concept that is very appropriate because the old plants can be a high-filter masks and the sun not to jump the plant does not need full sun (50-70%).

Plant distance regulation is also important that the competition does not occur the required food plants, each plant would need a major element of the same food is required, such as the burly elements, but also have different food needs of the plants if there are more diversified will stabilize the condition land and nature.

Type of plant according to the local garden poly model petai is, durian, pinang, sirsak,-complexioned, duku etc.. The reasons for the consideration of; 1). Petai plant leaves is not dense, easy to decay, and there is fertile land and autumn produce. 2). Durian tree, the fruit and leaves valuable ekonimis easily decay. 3). Pinang & high coconut tree is not dense (in the shade beneath the plants from the sun), economic value and invite ant. 4). Sirsak produce and invite a working ant to control pests and diseases. 5). -complexioned & duku produce and not too dense.

Cattle serve as the appropriate one of the components is a poly chickens, goats, cattle & buffalo because of the kotorannya can be used as fertilizer, but specifically for the goat to be monitored must not eat the new plants. Bees help plant another wedding flowers and produce honey.

While the fish. In fact the fish according to what kept the flow of the river that cut across the garden poly, but the fish must be adjusted to the conditions of water (race, or being quiet) and the availability of food in the river, and also the temperature and purity of water. For fish, if the land does not have the flow of the river can be made pond or swamp the existing natural

Differences in the garden and poly monoculture review of pest or disease, have been on the poly pest or disease is very much reduced because the pests get food from other plants that grow on the land but do not have the value of economic production but also does not disrupt the productive plants, such as grass and perdu plant (shrub).

Poly model can also avoid the erosion on the cliffs of the river or the flow of rain water that flows in the surface soil.

To improve soil fertility, the things that need to be developed on the poly is to maintain a garden ecosystem, make compost, not to make a pest extermination with chemical pesticides, livestock keeping and maintaining the unique one that produced a particular region.


Constraints or Pests & Diseases Solution

Travel from the life of farming since the poly pattern or model farmers in the highlands Sibolangit maximize land use and development of crop production with cocoa (this new plant for the community) in the way when the cocoa harvest began treatment plant pests and start to appear, pest and disease can not by others pests, especially fruit drill cocoa (PBK). So the issue is done in the School Field Cocoa poly model (SL-poly) Sayum in the village of Sabah, which is a combination of farmers from villages in 6 districts Sibolangit, poly garden area with approximately 500 hectares.

In the SL-poly farmers learn technical issues such as 1). Biological control of pests to drill Cocoa Fruit (PBK). 2). Black Semut multiplication in plants to control pests and Helopeltis sp drill Cocoa Fruit (PBK). 3). Technique of making fertilizer bokashi (bokasi rice straw & leather biah cocoa). 4). Making compost using pembusuk waste bokhasi (PSB). 5). Multiplication as the fungus Trichoderma Sp antagonis (fungi that control the root disease fungus but does not damage the plants). Various pesticides and vegetable (from natural materials and does not contain toxic chemicals), natural fertilizer & techniques of treatment, hairdressing etc.. To get a list of materials, how to create and mengaplikasikannya on how readers can contact the plant to the Division of Agriculture, BITRA Indonesia.
Iswan Kaputra, Social Worker at BITRA Indonesia, Singapore and Chairman of the Forum Community of origin Labuhan Batu (FORMAL).