About 60 km to the southern city of Medan, is a small village called Tambak Cekur, in the district persisnya Galang, Deliserdang district, North Sumatra. According to the observations and stories of the local community, the year 1970 - 1980 this prosperous village. In fact, some villages in sekeling concentrated attention to the village Tambak Cekur it. Sejahteranya village can also be proved with the "weekend" (the traditional market sepekan once) is visited by customers from several surrounding villages.
Village become prosperous because pioneer cultivation of rubber (rubber gardening community expertise is revealed by their fathers who taught how to farm by the rubber Dutch colony). In the current period (after the nationalization of the Netherlands in the 1960s), the border village of the land is directly state-owned large plantations, PTP Nusantara III (PTPN). PTPN is the dominant of land to plant rubber, so that the succession of the people contributing to the knowledge about the farming village of rubber.
Berbaur the community in this village consists of multifarious tribes, such as Malay, Javanese, Batak and Simalungun Banjar. Later the villagers terlena with the production of rubber that can be life memberiakan that is enough. Residents who have an average of one to two hectares per head of the family to relax. For the rubber trees every morning that they sadap and siangnya can be (semi-dried extract of rubber) and be sold and the money. Day afternoon and then they have to sit-sit relaxed in the cafe, the village.
In the early 1990s, residents began to feel incomes decline. The rubber tree is getting old, or even many who fall and die. Meanwhile, their results for ten years is not more ditabung so it does not allow them to do the re-planting (replanting).
In short, as much the 150 families that began economic difficulties, added to the economy of the country terterpa crisis worsened since mid-1997. While kebiasan relaxed work can not change, so also kebiasan sit-sit in a stall while food and drink.
In the middle of the crisis, people are also faced with a consumer culture where the spreading everywhere. Goods such as the needs of tantalize the motorcycles, furniture, electronic equipment etc. that have entrance to the villages and become a dream even though the villagers sometimes they do not need it, but because of the doctrine of ad dipatrikan to their head so that it seems so and needs to be urgent. While the price rebound. Meanwhile, on the other hand they continue to dwindle.
Ironically, at the same time a number of personality come from outside the village to provide "security" to some residents to participate in the theft to the action of land-land crops such as government PTPN. So, start with the groups they join the dijuluki NINJA (Ninting Janjangan, steal oil palm) and Maco (picklock brown), KENCOL (group colong LOM / dry rubber).
Initially residents who appreciate the culture and ethics of the family against criminal action is involved. But the latter so permisif. They understand the economic burden of the weight-conscious. In fact, this latter cohort groups because of the larger line.
Peak, several people who adhere to religion and does not want to steal, the longer the terkikis. Why? Soalnya, that there are some thieves who later began to act in the home garden or the local people. This is caused by the strict vigilance in the area of government, some fear a thief, so choose a skeleton in the village itself.
This action-was finally dimaklumi are confused with the earlier economic reasons. In fact, some of the usual dimalingi-be thief was involved with the reason: "let equilibrium." At this highly visible phenomenon of dramatic and ironic.
The impact of attitude permisif action this theft, to make young people there consider it normal to act that violates the law. School morning and night so its skeleton, are normal for young children. In fact, some mothers are more involved in these groups, the small-scale. For example, stealing brondolan (oil palm fruits that have been separated from the sign) or some fruit with the brown ostensible search for grass or the like.
In fact, customs can not steal the release of the snare of poverty. In fact, they are often forced to sell land because there are as caught stealing, and can not be the group (including a person Military security guarantees before), while that should be caught immediately released from prison.
Results theft is that they do not quite make them rich. Moreover, consumer habits getting worse. -If there is any citizen who is a good economy, it's because no other business such as trade or employees.
In the middle of terbiasanya they steal, farming rubber plantation or other people's increasingly bleak. Not because the productivity of the melorot but because too many neighbors who own stolen.
In fact, lately, traders also complain. First, because the fewer people who spend a result of low income. Second, the kiosks because they disatroni skeleton from the village itself. Some of the frustrating and did not want to continue the business, so even choose join thief!
Not many rare tussle between a thief and a kecurian, with the thief or thieves among groups and between villages, truly seed chaos and unrest has begun to form shapes.
This does not only occur above the village of Tambak Cekur, Galang akan course but this happens evenly in each village (in the village of North Sumatra is called) that is located on the fringe of crops (in the Garden called Sumut) large state-owned.
Consequently, the degree of villages destroyed. Some residents who want their families safe and not be a thief, ahirnya difficulties. There also can send their children to the city that does not "contagious" so a thief. But generally people there out of the difficult issues that this egregious.
Residents Trying to Exit 8
At the time most people give up and choose to come with stealing habit, as many as eight families trying to find a solution. Input from a village youth who have ten years of education and sample interact with the figures NGOs (NGOs) in Medan, the idea emerged to establish an institution.
Early 2002, mencuatlah ideas to promote goat farming. Inspirasinya simple village in the east is about 100 Ha. sleeping area, which only contains the bushes and grass that can be used as feed. Five years earlier, is still productive rice field with rice harvest, but then become dry due to irrigation in the upstream oil palm planted by PTPN. It also makes people lose their land, increased search breadwinners.
In addition tersediannya pasture land in the bed, the surrounding villages are also many plants cassava (cassava) property. This plant the only one who is considered the most secure planted, as relatively less attractive thief. Nah, cassava leaves and stem are very attractive cattle goats.
Residents can also rely on some grass in the bottom of the rubber plant owned by PTPN III. Far-distant time before maraknya thief, as residents often graze sheep there.
Nevertheless, the problems faced by 8 people this is the lack of confidence due to the number of thieves. "What we want to continue berternak riot if the thief?" Questions such mencuat.
Solutions and Warranty
Finally, one thought appeared to make a corral groups. In this way, people so much easier to do security patrolling. Because, they can sit alternately. Moreover, together with this pen, a member of the fund have only Rp 300,000, - to Rp 500,000, -, a parent can buy a goat and do not need to have the funds to build the enclosure.
Essentially, the benefits of the enclosure with this are: (1) guarantee security of livestock, (2) ease the initial capital breeder.
System & regulations that are applied by the group are:
1. Group members get a turn mengarit grass / search goat food (1 members can turn once a week).
2. Group members get a turn to clean pens
3. Group members get a night shift guard
4. Penyadaran other villagers to be done from home to home based on the proximity and kinship with, and be a model penyadara non-formal, casual and friendly.
There are considered to be the son of the village has succeeded in Medan with the deputy editor in chief position in a letter khabar in Medan is trusted and people heard words. People who founded this pen with your own money, this person will function as a group and guarantee conceiver trust.
Viewing 8 of these "brave" raising goats and a half years until the theft does not happen, so the residents participate in other items. Until early 2003, so the group developed with 24 permanent members. There are also people who dare to open the cage and berternak own beat as a group that has been created make it more secure.
Until mid 2003, almost all residents have their own sometimes goat. The increased income of some of the more berternak first goat, make the other be interested to follow.
While the first group is now called the Farmers Group Setia Kawan, is making more progress with the budget base / household budget (AD / ART), which both be calculated.
In one of the group explained the rules, that each member must purchase goat meat when there are other members of the sick animals and must be disembelih. The price of meat is purchased with the market price. That way, members who have lost livestock in cattle can still buy new money from the sale of meat is. This is a guarantee for the members to avoid fatal damage due to livestock health.
Investor Village
In calculations of the village, the capital of five goats or equivalent Rp 2 million to Rp 2.5 million, already means to save a child from dropping out of school. Logikanya, the five main candidates in at least a year will multiply into 10 - 20 tails. That means that their additional income of Rp 2 million to Rp 4 million per year. As much money, based on the experience of villagers, have been able to save the cost of school children and their other needs.
The problem is, very few people who have capital to be able to buy the parent of the goat. Average savings of citizens have not been out of the crisis is under Rp 500 thousand, which means only can buy 1 - 2 goats of good quality (type of ersip or etawa).
So, some people got frustrated because not able to find capital. Until finally there are thought to search for small-scale investors from outside the village.
More and more youth villages that already have access in the mainstay of the city be looking for additional capital. So digalakkanlah system "part matchmaker." Residents prepared to become farmers who will share the results of fifty - fifty with the financier. This has already long since applied by breeders.
In many ways, there is finally some capitalist who they call "investor village" who dare to embed the capital of Rp 2 million to Rp 5 million. Have to do with the letter of the agreement in black and white, but there are also relying on the sense of mutual trust. Nevertheless, with the high level of interest in goat berternak citizens participate, the group of investors looking for trouble.
Nevertheless, the results are already visible in the real village community tertekannya this is a thief. In fact, at this time could say no more people are taking action. They generally have a business back menekuni each with additional income from livestock is goats.
Youth villages that previously preferred to participate in the group Ninja, Maco, and Kencol, is now visible with a cheery look for cassava leaves or grass to feed their flocks. Moreover, at this time is very valuable goat dung to manure, to create income and improve their berternak the higher spirit.
How to stay on their investment into the attention of many. For, until now the quality of cattle they still need improvement because the seeds have not been able to buy their maximum.
Written by, Iswan Kaputra Aris & Sumampin Damanik (Alm)
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